Understanding and Preventing Common Dental Diseases

Dental diseases are a significant public health concern in the Philippines, affecting a large portion of the population. According to the Department of Health, approximately 87.4% of Filipinos suffer from tooth decay or dental cavities. The high prevalence of dental problems can be attributed to various factors, such as poor oral hygiene, sugary and carbohydrate-rich diets, limited access to dental care, and lack of awareness about the importance of oral health. Understanding these common dental diseases and their prevention is essential for maintaining good oral health.

Tooth Decay (Cavities)

Tooth decay, also known as caries, is the most widespread dental problem in the Philippines, affecting over 90% of adults and 50% of children. This condition occurs when the enamel, the outer layer of the teeth, is damaged by acids produced by bacteria that feed on sugars and carbohydrates in the mouth. Factors that increase the risk of tooth decay include consuming sugary foods and drinks, not brushing teeth regularly, and having dry mouth or certain medical conditions. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices, such as brushing with fluoride toothpaste and reducing sugar intake, are crucial in preventing cavities.

Gingivitis and Periodontitis

Gingivitis, or gum inflammation, is another common dental issue that affects many Filipinos. It is characterized by swollen, red gums that may bleed during brushing or flossing. According to the National Survey for Oral Health conducted in 2018, about 50% of Filipinos have gum-related diseases. Gingivitis is primarily caused by the accumulation of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more severe form of gum disease that can lead to tooth loss and other health complications. Maintaining proper oral hygiene and visiting a dentist regularly can help prevent gingivitis and its progression.

Tooth Sensitivity

Tooth sensitivity is a condition that many people experience at some point in their lives. It occurs when the dentin, the layer beneath the enamel, becomes exposed due to gum recession or enamel erosion. Individuals with tooth sensitivity often feel discomfort or pain when consuming hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks. This condition can be managed through desensitizing toothpaste and by avoiding abrasive brushing techniques.

Toothache

Toothaches are a common complaint among Filipinos, often resulting from untreated cavities, gum disease, or dental abscesses. A toothache can range from mild discomfort to severe pain and may be accompanied by swelling or fever. If a toothache occurs, it is essential to seek dental care promptly to address the underlying cause. Ignoring tooth pain can lead to more serious issues, including infections that can affect overall health.

Bad Breath (Halitosis)

Bad breath, or halitosis, is another dental concern that affects many individuals. It can result from poor oral hygiene, certain foods, or underlying health conditions. Maintaining good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing, can significantly reduce the occurrence of bad breath. Additionally, staying hydrated and using mouthwash can help freshen breath.

Tooth Erosion

Tooth erosion is the gradual loss of tooth enamel caused by acidic foods and beverages, as well as acid reflux. This condition can lead to sensitivity and an increased risk of cavities. To prevent tooth erosion, it is advisable to limit acidic food intake, practice good oral hygiene, and use a straw when consuming acidic drinks to minimize contact with teeth.

Bruxism (Teeth Grinding)

Bruxism, or teeth grinding, is a common issue that can lead to various dental problems, including worn enamel, tooth sensitivity, and jaw pain. Stress and anxiety are often contributing factors to bruxism. Individuals who grind their teeth should consult a dentist for potential solutions, such as mouthguards or stress management techniques.

Impacted Wisdom Teeth

Impacted wisdom teeth are another prevalent dental issue in the Philippines. Wisdom teeth, or third molars, often become impacted when there is not enough space in the jaw for them to emerge properly. This can lead to pain, infection, and other complications. Regular dental check-ups can help identify impacted wisdom teeth early, allowing for timely intervention.

Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)

Dry mouth, or xerostomia, is a condition characterized by insufficient saliva production, which can lead to difficulties in speaking, swallowing, and an increased risk of tooth decay. It can be caused by various factors, including medications, health conditions, or dehydration. Staying hydrated and using saliva substitutes can help manage dry mouth.

Preventing Dental Diseases

To prevent dental diseases, it is crucial to maintain good oral hygiene practices. Brush your teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, floss daily, and use mouthwash to reduce plaque buildup. Regular dental check-ups and cleanings can help detect and prevent dental problems early. Additionally, limiting sugary and acidic foods and drinks, quitting smoking, and staying hydrated can contribute to better oral health.

The Philippine government has taken steps to address the high prevalence of dental diseases by implementing the Universal Health Care (UHC) Act, which aims to provide affordable and comprehensive health services, including oral health care. The Department of Health has also released guidelines for the implementation of school dental health care programs, which include distributing dental care supplies and applying fluoride varnish to students.

Conclusion

Understanding and addressing common dental diseases is crucial for maintaining oral health in the Philippines. By prioritizing oral hygiene, making healthier dietary choices, and seeking regular dental care, Filipinos can reduce the burden of dental diseases and enjoy healthier smiles. If you are experiencing any dental issues or need guidance on maintaining your oral health, don’t hesitate to contact your local dentist. Regular check-ups can help ensure that your teeth and gums remain healthy for years to come. Remember, a healthy smile is a happy smile!